IUPAC NOMENCLATURE

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 IUPAC  NAME (INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY) 

There are 3 parts in an IUPAC name like

(a) Prefix

(b) Word root

(c) Suffix

Order to name of compound  :-[Prefix name + Word root + 1°-Suffix + 2°- Suffix]

Prefix:- This is the side chain or substituent in a compound. 

Ex-

 Word root:- This is the name of C atom present carbon chain of the compound. 

No. of carbon atom                   Word root

C1                                                             Meth

C2                                                 Eth

C3                                                 Prop

C4                                                 But

C5                                                 Pent

C6                                                 Hex

C7                                                 Hept

C8                                                 Oct

C9                                                 Non

C10                                               Dec

C11                                               Undec

C12                                               Dodec

C13                                                Tridec

SUFFIX :-

1°- Suffix:- It is used after the word root, which is according to the nature of C- C bonds. 

For Single bond [C-C ] , ane suffix is used

For Double bond [C =C ] , ene suffix is used

For Triple bond [ C=_C ] , yne suffix is used. 

2°- Suffix:- This is the name of the functional group, used after 1°- suffix. 

Functional group                           Suffix 

Alcohol (-OH)                                     ol

Aldehyde (-CHO)                               al

Ketone (- CO -)                                   one

Carboxylic acid ( -COOH)                oic acid

Acid amide (-CONH2 )                       amide

Acid halide (-COX) 

(X= F, Cl, Br)                                        oyl halide

Ester (-COOR)                                      oate

SOME RULES FOR IUPAC NOMENCLATURE:-

1- Longest carbon chain must be selected. 

Ex- 





2- It should be more number of substituent attached to longest carbon chain. 

Ex- 







3- Numbering of carbon chain should be according to lowest locant rule. 

Ex- 





From Left to Right;  3+4=7

From Right to Left;  2+3=5

  Numbering should be that side of carbon chain, whose sum of the position of the substituent is minimum. 

4- Name of the substituents should be according to alphabetical order. 

5- If the same number of substituent present in a compound is 2 then (di) prefix is used. 

Similarly, for 3  (tri) , for 4  (tetra), for 5 (penta) prefix are used. 

  •  di, tri, tetra, penta etc.are not included in alphabetical order. 
6- There is (-) in between word & number and (,) in between two number and there is no gap in between two letters. 

Ex-  CH3 -CH2 -CH(CH 3) - CH(CH3) - CH3 

2,3-Dimethylpentane




 


 

Comments

  1. Suchit Kumar23 May 2021 at 09:24

    Excellent Sir 🙏❤🙏

    ReplyDelete
  2. Unknown23 May 2021 at 09:40

    Very good... Go ahead with new types of smart questions & if any help will be needed, then u can contact me..... Make a correction in 6. no content. *later (letters)

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Chemistry with me23 May 2021 at 11:35

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      Please send me your contact number.

      Delete
    2. Unknown24 May 2021 at 20:15

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