Nomenclature of organic compounds

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There are two types of naming in organic compounds. 

1- Trival nomenclature (Common name) . 

2- IUPAC nomenclature. 

In trival nomenclature of carbonyl (C=O) compounds 

 The word roots are used for C1 - Form

For C2 - Acet

For C3 - Propion

For C4 - Butyr

For C5 - Valer           

Ex- ALDEHYDE (-CHO) 

                                   Word root + Aldehyde

H-CHO                      Formaldehyde

CH3 -CHO                  Acetaldehyde

CH3 -CH2 -CHO          Propionaldehyde

CH3 -(CH2) 2 -CHO      Butyraldehyde

CH3 -(CH2) 3 -CHO      Valeraldehyde

CARBOXYLIC  ACID (-COOH) 

                                    Word root + ic acid

H-COOH                           Formic acid

CH3 -COOH                       Acetic acid

CH3 -CH2 -COOH               Propionic acid


ACID CHLORIDE (-COCl) 

                                       Word root + yl  chloride

H -COCl                           Formyl chloride

CH3 -COCl                        Acetyl chloride

CH3 -CH2 -COCl                Propionyl chloride




ACID AMIDE (-CONH2) 

                                          Word root+ amide

H -CONH2                         Formamide

CH3 -CONH2                                  Acetamide

C2 H5 -CONH2                      Propionamide



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